Polyphenolic‑rich fraction of <i>Pithecellobium dulce</i> attenuates methotrexate‑induced oxidative stress and associated tissue injury by regulating the TNF‑α, IL‑1β and IL‑6 pro‑inflammatory cytokines

The fruits of Pithecellobium dulce (P. dulce) are edible, and have been consumed in Asian countries. They considered a dense source proteins, fats, carbohydrates vitamins. present study aimed to explore the antioxidant (in vitro in vivo) effects fruit extract P. (FPD) against methotrexate (MTX)‑induced hepatic renal toxicities BALB/c mouse model. A preliminary qualitative analysis FPD was carried out following standard procedures. efficacy evaluated by different free radical scavenging assays. In order further validate protective FPD, an expansive vivo experimental strategy developed. Oxidative stress induced mice intraperitoneal (i.p) injection MTX (20 mg/kg body weight). MTX‑induced oxidative were oral administration at 40 weight for 10 consecutive days. Preliminary revealed presence several active phyto‑components. evaluated, concentration‑dependent increment activity observed. These data from cell system represent clear approximation status potential bioactive constituents. significantly reduced serum toxicity marker enzymes. co‑administration also levels tissue markers enhanced liver, kidneys lungs compared with alone group. reversed pancytopenia. Furthermore, confirmed histopathological analysis. Additionally, treatment markedly increase pro‑inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF‑α, IL‑1β IL‑6. On whole, findings strongly ascertain its role mitigating injury.